Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a bone disease that is characterised by weak bones and increased susceptibility to fractures due to fragile and brittle bones. It is more common in women than men.
It could be due to lower than normal bone mass or greater than normal bone loss.
Causes
- Menopause
- Hormonal problems
- Malnutrition
- Use of certain medications
- Anorexia
- Surgical removal of ovaries
- Smoking
Symptoms
- Bone fractures
- Dull pain in the bones or muscles, particularly low back pain or neck pain.
- Sudden shooting back pain
- Stooped posture
Diagnosis
- X-rays- To rule out fractures
- Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry- To screen bone density
- Biomarkers- To detect bone degradation
Treatment
- Weight bearing endurance exercises
- Medication
- Diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
When to Seek Medical Care
- Post-menopause
- Constant pain in the neck or lower back regions
- Severe muscles or bone pain
- Sustained trauma
- Suspect fractures of your spine, hip, or wrist
- Limited ability to function normally
